|
Liverpool ONE is a shopping, residential and leisure complex in Liverpool, England. The project, previously known as The Paradise Project, involved the redevelopment of 42 acres (170,000 m²) of underutilised land in Liverpool city centre. It is a retail led development, anchored by department stores Debenhams and John Lewis, with additional elements including leisure facilities (anchored by a 14-screen Odeon cinema and 36-hole adventure golf centre), apartments, offices, public open space and transport improvements. The completion of Liverpool ONE has significantly boosted the local economy as well as lifted Liverpool into the top five most popular retail destinations in the UK. Liverpool ONE is the largest open air shopping centre in the United Kingdom and the 5th largest overall. The majority of the development was opened in phases on 29 May 2008 and 1 October 2008, during Liverpool's year as European Capital of Culture, whilst the final residential units opened in early 2009.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Liverpool ONE ) 〕 The cost of construction associated with the project was £500 million, with a total investment value of £920 million. ==Background== In the summer of 1998, Healey & Baker's Development Team, which is now owned by Cushman & Wakefield, were appointed by Liverpool City Council to conduct a retail study of the Liverpool City Centre for the replacement Unitary Development Plan. The purpose of the study was to enable the Council to identify ways of protecting and improving the City Centre and also to find out why the City Centre was perceived as unattractive to new high quality retailers. Cushman & Wakefield's study revealed that Liverpool's reputation as a regional shopping centre was under serious threat, however the study underlined that a feasible scheme and redevelopment site existed within the heart of the city. Cushman & Wakefield recommended a radical City Centre re-development of over , which would represent the largest city centre development in Europe since the post-war reconstruction.〔 In April 1999, Liverpool City Council passed a resolution for comprehensive redevelopment of the Paradise Street Area,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Grosvenor Group )〕 which consisted of the area bound by Strand Street, the Combined Courts Centre, Lord Street, Church Street, Hanover Street and Liver Street. The area contained Chavasse Park, the Paradise Street Bus Station and NCP Car Park, Quiggins, the Moat House Hotel, Canning Place Fire Station and BBC Radio Merseyside. There were also large areas of wasteland, some used as car parks. In March 2000, after a series of technical workshops, Liverpool City Council selected the Duke of Westminster's Grosvenor Group as developer.〔 The Development Agreement between the council and Grosvenor was signed in January 2003. As a result of the technical workshops, it became apparent to Cushman & Wakefield that whilst the boundary of the PSDA was appropriate, the boundary needed to be extended and more clearly defined. Cushman & Wakefield proposed that two Mixed Use Extension Areas be identified to the West and East of the PSDA, including the sites of Chavasse Park/ Canning Place, together with an area across Hanover Street extending into Rope Walks. The Government Office for the North West (GONW) agreed with Cushman & Wakefield that the Unitary Development Plan needed revisiting and the City Council was understandably reluctant given it had just completed the UDP Inquiry. The proposals were further attacked by a competing scheme. Following further consideration by Members, the revised PSDA Planning Framework incorporating the mixed use extension areas was issued for consultation in May 2000. The Council subsequently resolved to incorporate the PSDA Planning Framework into the emerging Unitary Development Plan. This necessitated a further public inquiry and consultation period. Three years later Cushman & Wakefield secured the Unitary Development Plan changes sought and defeated the opposition's appeal. In December 2003, Grosvenor selected Laing O'Rourke as construction partner. BDP designed the masterplan for Liverpool ONE which, in 2009, was nominated for the RIBA Stirling Prize. This is the first time a masterplan, rather than one particular building, has been nominated for the prize. The 42 acre site was designed to consist of 1.4 million sq. feet of retail space, a 14-screen multiplex cinema and 230,000 sq. feet of restaurants, cafes and bars in addition to 600 new apartments, two hotels, offices, a five-acre park and a transport interchange. BDP integrated these features and linked the 40 new buildings designed by over 20 different architects. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Liverpool One」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|